The metals that form the foundation of modern society also cause a number of problems. Separating the metals we want from other minerals is often energy-intensive and can leave behind large volumes of ...

Aluminium is a key material for industries aiming to reduce their carbon footprints - and demand is soaring. However, its production is highly energy-intensive; it emits around 3% of the world's ...

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Steel and aluminum are two of the world’s most in-demand materials, feeding numerous sectors — including construction and transportation — with demand forecast to grow in the coming decades. Aluminum ...