NASA has set a 2030 deadline to build a 100-kilowatt nuclear reactor on the moon. It’s an ambitious but potentially achievable goal that could transform space exploration, experts tell WIRED.

Placing an atomic energy source on the lunar surface is “not science fiction,” experts say, but does pose technical challenges.

NASA has been working behind the scenes for years to develop compact nuclear power systems designed to support lunar bases, resource extraction, and extended human stays on the Moon.